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KMID : 0613320020080010012
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Journal of the Korean Bone and Joint Tumor Soceity
2002 Volume.8 No. 1 p.12 ~ p.19
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Malignant Transformation of Giant Cell Tumor Not Associated with Radiotherapy
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Lee Sang-Hoon
Oh Joo-Han
Yoo Kwang-Hyun
Suh Sung-Wook
An Joon-Hwan
Kim Han-Soo
Lim Soo-Taek
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Abstract
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Purpose: Giant cell tumors(GCT) sometimes undergo malignant transformation after the radiotherapy, but very rarely do without radiotherapy. We reviewed the clinical experiences of the malignant transformation of GCT to suggest the
guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of them.
Materials and Methods: We examined four patients of pathologically proven malignant transformation of GCT, which occurred after the operative treatment alone without radiation, from September 1985 to January 2001. The mean follow-up period after the malignant transformation was 2.4 years(range, 1.3~4 years).
Results: The mean time-interval from the initial diagnosis to the malignant transformation was 6.9 years(range, 2.2~13.5 years). The locations of tumors were soft tissues of proximal upper arm, proximal femur, distal femur and proxima tibia. The histology of malignant GCT was osteosarcoma in 3 cases and malignant fibrous histiocytoma in 1 case. Local recurrence developed in 1 patient and the pulmonary metastasis developed in 3 patients which transformed to osteosarcoma.
Conclusion: Thorough sampling of the surgical specimen appears to be a very important factor for diagnosing the malignant transformation of GCT. In case of suspicion of malignancy in radiographs, the incisional biopsy should be followed by definite treatment rather than the improper resection.
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KEYWORD
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Giant cell tumors, Malignant transformation
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